La v\u00e9rit\u00e9 sur les croisades.
\nLes livres sur les croisades ne se comptent plus. Nul n’ignore d\u00e9sormais ce qui s’est pass\u00e9 \u00e0 Clermont en 1095, que les Crois\u00e9s prirent J\u00e9rusalem en 1099 ou que Saint Louis mourut devant Tunis en 1270. Mais le terme a fini par perdre en lisibilit\u00e9, employ\u00e9 \u00e0 toutes les sauces pour qualifier les conflits et tensions de la fin du XX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle et du d\u00e9but du XXI\u00e8me si\u00e8cle : de Georges Bush en 2001 en passant par les djihadistes de Daesh jusqu’aux diverses “croisades” contre le cancer ou la Covid-19… Afin de conjurer l’histoire du pass\u00e9, il est temps de rappeler ce que les historiens ont patiemment d\u00e9busqu\u00e9 en analysant de pr\u00e8s les documents d’\u00e9poque, litt\u00e9raires ou arch\u00e9ologiques.<\/p>\n
Plus que de mettre \u00e0 mal quelques id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues – non, les Crois\u00e9s n’\u00e9taient pas des anthropophages qui cherchaient \u00e0 envahir le monde islamique… – la formidable \u00e9quipe d’historiens r\u00e9unis par Martin Aurell et Sylvain Gouguenheim montre la complexit\u00e9 du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne en mettant en avant nombre d’aspects m\u00e9connus : sait-on ainsi que les Croisades continu\u00e8rent bien apr\u00e8s la mort de Saint Louis et l’officielle ” huiti\u00e8me croisade ” ? Que des Crois\u00e9s partirent en nombre en direction de la Baltique ? Qu’une guerre dite ” sainte ” n’est pas n\u00e9cessairement une Croisade et qu’une Croisade n’est pas un ” djihad chr\u00e9tien ” ? Que le monde arabo-musulman y fut largement indiff\u00e9rent en dehors des territoires directement concern\u00e9s par les combats ? Que des chr\u00e9tiens s’y oppos\u00e8rent, tandis que d’autres firent souche sur place, donnant naissance \u00e0 des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s originales, en Syrie ou en Mor\u00e9e ? Sait-on enfin que ce monde de guerriers fit leur place en nombre \u00e0 des femmes, pour des r\u00f4les vari\u00e9s ?<\/p>\n
Un ouvrage in\u00e9dit, savant mais vivant et souvent surprenant, rompant en visi\u00e8re avec bien des mythes.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Martin 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